what responsibilities could be passed on to the single Regions and what are the Lep? – Corriere.it

What is differentiated autonomy?

the possibility for each Region to ask the State for new functions together with the human, instrumental and financial resources to carry out these tasks adequately. The bill approved yesterday in the Council of Ministers defines the general principles for the attribution to Regions with ordinary statute of further forms and particular conditions of Autonomy as well as the procedural methods for approving agreements between the State and a Region. in short, also, a sort of program of what will happen in the coming months. According to Minister Roberto Calderoli, the process will take about a year.

Is this a constitutional reform?

No. Precisely because the bill approved yesterday implements the provisions of the 2001 constitutional reform (title V), the Autonomies will have a normal parliamentary and institutional path, even if rather articulated: however, double approvals spaced out over time are not envisaged as in the case of constitutional reforms.

What does the bill approved yesterday by the Council of Ministers contain?

Yesterday the preliminary approval of the 10 articles of the bill implementing the Autonomies was given unanimously. The steps through which the Autonomies will enter the state structure. The next step is the opinion of the Joint Conference, which should take place within two or three weeks. At that point the Council of Ministers will be able to definitively approve the framework of the reform which will then face the examination of the Chambers.

What are the skills that could pass to the Regions?

Each Region can ask for the skills it believes it can carry out among the 23 subjects indicated in the reform of title V of 2001. This is a long list of subjects even if, at the moment, only the Veneto has requested all the possible subjects according to the Constitution.

What are the Lep that ignite the political discussion?

The essential levels of performance are, subject by subject, the minimum levels of the services provided by the State. One of the crucial discussions to come will be precisely how to define them and, if necessary, how to finance them. Not a passage that can be avoided: according to the bill, the request for Autonomy is allowed subject to the definition of the Lep. To understand what the Lep are, they are often compared to the essential levels of assistance (Lea), already defined in 2001 and then in 2017. That is, the health benefits and services, with their economic consideration, that the State is required to ensure to all citizens. In this sense, in recent weeks the Leas have been called the Leps of health care. The definition of the Lep will also be useful for defining the so-called standard costs of the various services.

What is the control room?

The Lep will be determined by a joint commission between the State and the Regions. In support of this body, Minister Roberto Calderoli in the coming weeks will set up a control room to which numerous well-known experts will give their contribution, each for the subject of competence.

How will Parliament express itself regarding the process of the reform?

The Chambers will have to express themselves in two distinct moments. A first time on the implementing law once it has received the definitive go-ahead from the Council of Ministers. In a second moment, the Chambers will be called to express themselves on the preliminary agreement that will be reached between the State and each Region. In fact, every agreement will bear two signatures at the bottom: that of the premier and that of the president of the Region. At that point, in fact, the agreement will return to Parliament.

What are the subjects on which the controversy has already ignited?

Certainly education, to the point that many argue that it is said that the matter will never actually devolved. The competence over energy and its networks is also much discussed. It being understood that each agreement must not result in new or greater burdens on the public finances. The discussion on the equalization fund, which will be necessary for the promotion of economic development, cohesion and social solidarity and the removal of economic imbalances, is already very heated. and social.