Wetland forests get more rain
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From the results of a study published in Global Change Biology – coordinated by Technical University of Munich (Germany) in collaboration with the Institute of Atmospheric and Climate Sciences of National Research Council of Turin (Cnr-Isac) and theUniversity of Florence – the possibility emerges that forests favor the transport of humidity from the sea to the mainland, in the presence of humid atmospheric conditions. Conversely, where the atmosphere is drier, the plant transpiration it could affect the transport of humid marine air masses, thus limiting rainfall.
“The analysis is based on our previous result, namely the discovery that the increase in air humidity generated by the presence of the Amazon forest leads to a large increase in rainfall. Combining this factor with the atmospheric water balance, in other words the relationship between rainfall, plant transpiration and soil evaporation, we have strong indications that the increase in rainfall in forested areas is closely related to a higher import of moisture from the seas“, he declares Mara Baudenaresearcher of the Cnr-Isac and co-author of the research.
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The study also tells of the effects that the deforestation and the climate change determine in tropical forests. “Deforestation dehumidifies the atmosphere making it drier and vegetation – in the regrowth phase – by extracting water from the soil intensifies its aridity: in this way the importation of humid air from the sea decreases. We must therefore take into account the relationships between all the elements of the ecosystem, to favor an efficient regulation of the water cycle”, adds Ugo Bardi of the University of Florence.
The research adds a crucial piece in the knowledge of the complex relationship between vegetation and rainfallgoing beyond the traditional beliefs, and confirming the theory that the forests act as a ‘biotic pump’a sort of beating heart that moves water around the planet.
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“It should be noted that atmospheric water flows do not ‘respect’ geographic boundaries, so deforestation in one region could trigger a transition to drier regime in another. Supporting the earth’s water cyclethe Earth’s natural forests – both at high and low latitudes – are of paramount importance and their conservation should become a priority, to solve the global water crisis,” he concludes Anastassia Makarieva of the Technical University, first author of the work.
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