Hot nightmare, the 10 rules for not succumbing to the heat
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Italy, assailed by record heat, despite the thunderstorms expected on Wednesday in the Alps, remains in check: the heat is rising again, and with it the risk of illness, if not worse consequences, as happened for the worker died in Lodi while working in the sun.
Therefore, the decalogue of the Ministry of Health arrives by the way, which teaches what to do when the heat is gripping us. The key point is to protect yourself. And a series of simple behavioral habits and preventive measures can help to significantly reduce the harmful consequences of heat waves.
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The 10 rules for overcoming the heat
The Ministry of Health has launched the ‘Let’s protect ourselves from the heat’ campaign, on air. And it has published on its portal 10 rules capable of limiting exposure to high temperatures, facilitating cooling of the body and avoiding dehydration, reducing risks in the most fragile people (elderly people, people with health problems, taking medicines , infants and very young children) and also in pets. Let’s see what they are.
1 – Do not go out during the hottest hours: during a heat wave, avoid direct exposure to the sun during the hottest hours of the day (between 11 and 18).
2 – Improve the home and work environment: the simplest measure is the shielding of the windows facing south and south-west with curtains and adjustable blinds (shutters, venetian blinds) which block the passage of light, but not that of air.
Effective, of course, is the use of air conditioning, which however must be used with care, avoiding regulating the temperature at levels that are too low compared to the outside temperature. A temperature between 25-27 C with a low humidity rate is sufficient to guarantee well-being and does not expose to sudden changes in temperature compared to the outside. Mechanical fans should also be used with caution, as they accelerate the movement of the air, but do not lower the ambient temperature; for this the body continues to sweat. It is therefore important to continue to drink large quantities of fluids. Furthermore, when the internal temperature exceeds 32 C, the use of the fan is not recommended because it is not effective in combating the effects of the heat.
3 – Drink plenty of liquids: It is essential to drink plenty of water and eat fresh fruit, an essential measure to counteract the effects of the heat. This is especially true for the elderly: it is necessary to drink even if you don’t feel thirsty.
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4 – But there are those who cannot drink much: there are particular health conditions (such as epilepsy, heart, kidney or liver disease) for which excessive fluid intake is contraindicated. If you are suffering from any disease it is necessary to consult your doctor before increasing its ingestion and it is necessary to do the same even if you are following a treatment that limits the intake of liquids or favors their elimination. In addition, one should moderate the intake of beverages that contain caffeine and avoid alcoholic beverages.
5 – Have light meals: digestion, for our body, is a real job that increases the production of heat in the body, so it is essential to eat light foods.
6 – Dress comfortable and light: better to focus on clothing made of cotton, linen or natural fibers and avoid synthetic fibers. When outdoors, it is helpful to wear light-colored, light-colored hats to protect your head from the direct sun. And you need to protect your eyes too, with sunglasses with UV filters. Particular attention was paid to children.
7 – Be careful when entering the car: remember to ventilate the passenger compartment before starting a journey, even if the car is equipped with a ventilation system. In this case, it is better to adjust the temperature to values about 5 degrees lower than the outside one, avoiding pointing the air conditioning vents directly at the passengers. If you have to travel, avoid the hottest hours of the day (especially if the car is not air-conditioned) and always keep a supply of water in the car. We must remember the most fragile: we never leave babies, children or animals in the car, even for short periods.
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8 – Avoid physical exercise during the hottest hours: in any case, if you do physical activity, you need to drink plenty of liquids. For athletes it may be necessary to compensate for the loss of electrolytes with supplements.
9 – Offer assistance to people at greater risk: in particular we speak of the elderly who live alone, infants, etc. In this case it is essential to notify the social and health services of any situations that require intervention. In the elderly, an alarm bell is the reduction of some daily activities (moving around the house, dressing, eating, going to the bathroom regularly, washing) which can indicate a worsening of the state of health.
10 – Check the body temperature of infants and young children: it can be lowered with a warm shower and when possible open the diaper – Furthermore, one must remember to give plenty of fresh water to pets and leave it in a shaded area.
“It is important to follow the recommendations to protect yourself from the heat – underlines the ministry -. In particular, social and health workers must follow some precautions, as they encounter heat-related disorders more frequently than other people: it is therefore necessary that they begin to cool off and hydrate themselves already before the work shift”.
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Consult the bulletins
The national system for predicting and preventing the effects of heat on health has been active again since 15 May, and the publication of the bulletins for summer 2023 has been reactivated. The bulletins can be consulted on the Heat waves website of the Ministry of Health and elaborated by the Department of Epidemiology Ssr Regione Lazio, with forecasts at 24, 48 and 72 hours.
The system is located in 27 Italian cities and makes it possible to identify, on a daily basis, for each specific urban area, the weather and climatic conditions at risk to health, especially for vulnerable people such as the elderly, chronically ill, children, pregnant women, people who they take medications.
Furthermore, a communication campaign has been launched in the area: a poster and a booklet with the 10 rules to follow to protect yourself from the heat. They will be found in pharmacies, medical studies and veterinary studies, thanks to the collaboration of institutions such as Fimmg, Fnomceo, Fnovi, Fofi, Simg, Federfarma, Assofarm and United Pharmacies. In the poster there is a QR code through which more detailed information can be easily found. They are also available on the Ministry of Health website. Finally, the social media campaign has also been launched: videos and single cards with the advice of the decalogue ‘Proteggiamoci dal heat’.
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